Location of the 92 dated Atlantic sediment cores (read Online-only dining table 1 for precise coordinates and water depths on the cores). The figures are created making use of the sea facts see computer software 53 , the ETOPO bathymetry 54 (left screen), while the WOA13 mean annual salinity 55 along a mid-Atlantic north-south area (correct board).

Strategies

We gathered current paleoceanographic facts from Atlantic sediment cores covering element of or perhaps the whole 0aˆ“40 ka interval, with sedimentation costs with a minimum of 5 cm/ky, that there is these relationship means: radiocarbon times for middle and low latitudes deposit cores, and SST or magnetized reports for deposit cores operating poleward of

40A°S. New cores are added to fill spaces with respect to the readily available geographic and h2o degree insurance, and additional radiocarbon dates comprise developed to boost the existing age types of some cores (Online-only Table 1).

38A°N), reservoir many years are presumed not to have strongly diverse responding to sea blood flow adjustment from the finally glacial and deglaciation. Equivalent is true anyway latitudes throughout Holocene. Therefore, in mid and low latitudes, and through the Holocene at higher latitudes, the sediment cores had been dated in the shape of calibrated radiocarbon centuries. Because of this, 1427 posted and 104 latest radiocarbon dates currently calibrated utilizing the Bayesian calibration system aˆ?MatCalaˆ? 18 , together with IntCal13 and SHCal13 calibration curves 19,20 for North and South Atlantic cores, correspondingly.

We taken into account both spatial and temporal variability in 14 C tank years. To estimate spatial modifications in reservoir many years we removed bomb-corrected reservoir centuries from GLobal water Data assessment work for Carbon (GLODAP) data arranged 21 . In advance of removing these area reservoir years, GLODAP information had been re-gridded to a 4A° A— 4A° grid, whereby the indicate and regular deviation for your GLODAP facts points from the higher 250 m each 4A° A— 4A° grid mobile were computed. 2). Regarding particular internet that are of variety of the GLODAP grid, like those when you look at the Gulf of Mexico, we’ve extrapolated the GLODAP 4A°x4A° sugar daddy Minnesota grid to these markets. This spatially differing component of the tank get older is subtracted through the lab 14 C years before calibration (with error propagation). The mistake useful for this spatial tank years part are both the calculated GLODAP standard deviation, or 100 14 C yr, whichever is greater. For pre-Holocene schedules, a minimum of 200 14 C year is employed versus 100 14 C yr.

Normal tank get older extracted from the GLODAP information re-gridded to a 4A° A— 4A° grid and averaged throughout the higher 250 m associated with liquid line. These prices is downloaded from Figshare 56 .

The current area drinking water reservoir age at confirmed website is then extracted from the nearest grid node into the core web site (Fig

To also consider temporary alterations in reservoir era, we furthermore applied a correction to make up the results of atmospheric CO₂ attention adjustment upon exterior liquids 14 C task. On Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the lower atmospheric CO₂ attention caused an increase in atmospheric a?† 14 C of

250 y rise in surface liquid tank many years 22 . To take into account this temporal change in area reservoir era, we linearly scaled a reservoir get older correction to atmospheric pCO₂, where a modification of 0 14 C y represents current pCO₂, and 250 14 C y to LGM pCO₂. For pCO₂ beliefs, we consulted the composite atmospheric CO₂ record of Antarctic ice cores 23 . This age-dependent component of the reservoir era is included with the IntCal13 (or SHCal13) 14 C age record before calibration.