This particular article posts the latest AMS 14 C schedules out of thirteen ponies previously allotted to the latest Migration months, and also the osteometric data and you may age horses found when you look at the Lithuanian cemeteries of your own third–14th C Offer, more than 2 hundred some body in total. The study performance remedied the existing chronology of the burials, together with osteometric study permitted a different testing away from whether or not the ponies about Migration months are indeed exceptional in dimensions into the the brand new framework out of Lithuanian ponies on 3rd so you’re able to 14th C Post. The brand new plentiful research in addition to enjoy an evaluation of the development of the scale and you can ages of the fresh ponies into the Lithuania amongst the third and you can 14th C Advertisement.

2.step one. Zooarchaeological Data

Almost 400 pony skeletal stays used in Lithuanian burial internet sites off the third–14th C Post was basically examined ( Figure step one ); although not, because of bad preservation, simply more two hundred people were suitable for further size and years study. The burial sites have been put into around three chronological organizations. A maximum of 21 folks from six burial sites had been assigned on Later Roman–post-Migration several months (3rd–seventh C Post); 13 ponies out of this several months was in fact yourself AMS fourteen C-old. They certainly were someone chose to the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr data, the outcome where was published into the another book . To identify anywhere between ponies (Equus caballus), donkeys (Equus asinus), and mules, the new methods explained of the Johnstone is implemented.

Area regarding web sites mentioned in the text: 1-Paduobe-Saltaliune III, 2-Pagrybis, 3-Pavajuonis-Rekuciai, 4-Plinkaigalis, 5-Taurapilis, 6-Marvele, 7-Degsne-Labotiskes, 8-Jaksiskis, 9-Kretuonai, 10-Salakas, 11-Varliskes, 12-Obeliai, 13-Pakalniskiai, 14-Masteikiai, 15-Kernave, 16-Memelburg (Klaipeda), 17-Vilnius.

Several, with the exception of seven anybody, was in fact based in the Marvele burial web site from inside the central Lithuania. Comparison of the archaeological perspective together with grave items lets to help you build dating of some of the burials into the 12th C Advertising. Hence, new specialized avoid of your own Viking months (1066) was not taken into account, both by the approximate relationship ones burial internet and you will from the historical and archaeological context: no major get down the historical past out-of Lithuania before the institution of your county from the 13th C Advertisement is observed.

Ponies away from about three burial sites dating back to the thirteen–14th C Advertising was basically assigned to the fresh new gothic several months. In this situation, a few of the burials might actually go out into the 12th C Advertisement but they are hard to differentiate regarding afterwards of these. Brand new gothic horse group in addition to included bones away from horses out-of a few castles plus one town of this new 13–14th C Ad: 25 metatarsals and you can metacarpals was in fact chose out-of Kernave medieval town, nine on Vilnius Straight down palace, and 8 out of Memelburg, the brand new castle of your own Teutonic Buy, present-go out Klaipeda. You will find integrated horses on payment websites in order to give since mission a picture of medieval ponies that one may, created not merely towards the individuals from normal burial internet sites however, also off contexts linked to the better personal strata (Vilnius, Kernave) plus the Buy. As a whole, the newest remains off ninety https://datingmentor.org/peruvian-chat-room/ five people were looked at regarding the medieval several months. In this look, skeletal stays of all Lithuanian horses known to the writers regarding 3rd–14th C Offer burial sites was basically checked.

dos. Procedure and methods

Some of the pony skeletons had been improperly managed and the wrong to have osteometric data, so that the number of individuals ranged when it comes to study of their age and you will top. The age of the fresh new horses try estimated from the enamel emergence , don of your incisors, and top of your own premolars and you can molars . Blend period of the epiphyses was also useful this evaluation. Withers height is projected away from much time limbs measurements making use of the remedied coefficients off Kiesewalter [34,35]. Horses was basically categorized based on Brauner’s metacarpal and metatarsal slenderness directory classification . Dimensions considering von den Driesh have been made having fun with a keen osteometric board and an electronic caliper which have an accuracy from 0.01 cm. Horse skeletons was in fact sexed according to research by the exposure of the dog white teeth within the male ponies over 4–five years old. Although not, in some instances, sex of your own creature cannot end up being determined on account of lost bones. Enough time limbs measurements, intercourse, therefore the ages of everyone are given in the Dining tables S1–S4. To test getting significance, i utilized a t-shot. Assessed horses’ remains is kept in the new Zooarchaeological Repository off Vilnius School, Professors of history. Horse of Varliskes was stored in Kernave Art gallery, and horse skeletons from Paduobe-Saltaliune III and you will Salakas is actually stored in Federal Museum away from Lithuania.